Suchergebnisse

ResumenA falta de un convenio entre los Estados Unidos y México sobre la portabilidad y la totalización de los períodos computables a la seguridad social, en el presente artículo se examina el acceso a las pensiones y las prestaciones del seguro social, así como la situación laboral de los trabajadores migrantes mexicanos de edades más avanzadas que regresan a su país. Vemos que los migrantes que regresan tras haber pasado menos de un año en los Estados Unidos tienen un nivel similar de acceso que los no migrantes a las prestaciones de la seguridad social. Los migrantes que regresan tras haber pasado al menos un año en los Estados Unidos tienen menos posibilidades de tener un seguro de salud pública o prestaciones de la seguridad social que si no hubieran migrado, y su vulnerabilidad ante la pobreza en la vejez es mayor. Estos resultados aportan información para el debate sobre un acuerdo bilateral en materia de seguridad social entre los Estados Unidos y México con el objetivo de mejorar la seguridad social de los migrantes.

RésuméEn l'absence de contrat bilatéral entre les Etats‐Unis et le Mexique sur la portabilité et la totalisation des cotisations de sécurité sociale, le présent article examine l'accès aux prestations d'assurance‐maladie et de retraite et le statut d'emploi des travailleurs migrants mexicains. Nous avons constaté que les migrants qui rentrent chez eux après avoir passé moins d'un an aux Etats‐Unis bénéficient du même accès aux prestations de sécurité sociale que les non‐migrants. Ceux qui ont passé au moins un an aux Etats‐Unis ont en revanche moins accès à l'assurance‐maladie publique ou aux prestations de sécurité sociale et pourraient être davantage touchés par la pauvreté en vieillissant. Ces résultats sont destinés à alimenter le débat sur l'instauration d'un accord de sécurité sociale entre les Etats‐Unis et le Mexique, qui améliorerait la sécurité sociale des migrants rentrés chez eux.

AuszugAngesichts einer fehlenden bilateralen Vereinbarung über die Übertragbarkeit und Summierung von Beiträgen der sozialen Sicherheit zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und Mexiko widmet sich diese Untersuchung den Fragen zum Zugang zurückkehrender älterer mexikanischer Migranten zu Renten‐ und Krankenversicherungsleistungen sowie ihres Beschäftigungsstatus. Wir kommen zum Ergebnis, dass zurückgekehrte Migranten, die sich weniger als ein Jahr in den Vereinigten Staaten aufhielten, ähnliche Leistungen der sozialen Sicherheit erhalten wie Nichtmigranten. Bei zurückgekehrten Migranten, die mindestens ein Jahr in den Vereinigten Staaten verbrachten, ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit geringer, dass sie über eine staatliche Krankenversicherung verfügen oder Leistungen der sozialen Sicherheit beziehen. Sie könnten daher im Alter in höherem Maß armutsgefährdet sein. Vor diesem Hintergrund würde die Ausarbeitung einer bilateralen Übereinkunft im Bereich der sozialen Sicherheit zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und Mexiko helfen, die soziale Sicherheit zurückkehrender Migranten zu verbessern.

An increasing number of retirements from federal employment is predicted at the beginning of the 21st century. This work provides estimates of the effects of early retirement incentives, buyout incentives and retention allowances on the retirement rates of federal employees

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter One. Introduction -- Chapter Two. Job Loss: Historical Perspective from the Displaced Workers Survey, 1984-2010 -- Chapter Three. The Effect of Job Displacement on Cumulated Years Worked -- Chapter Four. Effects of Late-Life Job Loss on Wealth and Labor Supply -- Chapter Five. Involuntary Job Transitions and Subjective Well-Being -- Chapter Six. Job Loss: A Discussion -- Chapter Seven. Marriage Timing, Motherhood Timing, and Women's Well-Being in Retirement -- Chapter Eight. Divorce, Women's Earnings, and Retirement over the Life Course -- Chapter Nine. Marriage and Wealth Changes at Older Ages -- Chapter Ten. Family Structure and Financial Well-Being: Evidence from the Great Recession -- Chapter Eleven. Family Structure Change: A Discussion -- Chapter Twelve. Measuring the Population with Disabilities for Policy Analysis -- Chapter Thirteen. The Economic Consequences of Disability: Evidence from the PSID -- Chapter Fourteen. Health and Wealth in Early Retirement -- Chapter Fifteen. Disability and Subjective Well-Being -- Chapter Sixteen. Health Shocks: A Discussion -- Index

Over the past decade, the number of studies examining the effects of health insurance has grown rapidly, along with the breadth of outcomes considered. In light of growing research in this area and the intense policy focus on coverage expansions in the United States, there is need for an up-to-date and comprehensive literature review and synthesis of lessons learned. We reviewed 112 experimental or quasi-experimental studies on the effects of health insurance prior to people becoming eligible for Medicare on a broad set of outcomes. Over the past decade, evidence related to the effect of increased access to health insurance has strengthened, illuminating that children and vulnerable adults are most likely to see health and economic benefits. We identified promising areas for future study in this active and burgeoning research area, noting benefit design of health insurance and outcomes such as government program participation and self-reported health status as targets.

Over the past decade, the number of studies examining the effects of health insurance has grown rapidly, along with the breadth of outcomes considered. In light of growing research in this area and the intense policy focus on coverage expansions in the United States, there is need for an up-to-date and comprehensive literature review and synthesis of lessons learned. We reviewed 112 experimental or quasi-experimental studies on the effects of health insurance prior to people becoming eligible for Medicare on a broad set of outcomes. Over the past decade, evidence related to the effect of increased access to health insurance has strengthened, illuminating that children and vulnerable adults are most likely to see health and economic benefits. We identified promising areas for future study in this active and burgeoning research area, noting benefit design of health insurance and outcomes such as government program participation and self-reported health status as targets.

Given current fertility trends of delayed age at first birth, along with increased life expectancy, more families will likely face parental care decisions while still handling childcare responsibilities. This paper explores whether families who are facing multiple demands for care of both offspring and parents are substituting one type of care for another. More specifically, it asks whether individuals who are engaged in childcare duties to young children are likely to provide lower levels of support to their parents when compared to individuals with older children. Regression models were estimated employing data from Old Age and Autonomy: The Role of Service Systems and Intergenerational Family Solidarity (OASIS), a nationally representative sample of urban population in four European countries (Norway, England, Spain, Germany) and Israel. Taking advantage of a unique dataset, we were able to address the potential trade-off between the younger and the older generations within the family by considering individual, familial and societal factors. Our results demonstrate that adult children are responsive to parental needs and are likely to allocate resources to them when help is needed. However, the existence of a young child aged three-years-old or younger was significantly associated with a lower level of parental support. This finding suggests that intensive childcare duties may indeed hinder adult children's ability to provide parental care. Some country differences were noted with lowest levels of parental support in Norway. Policy makers should consider the development of intergenerational family policies to support families facing multigenerational demands for care.